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交通部


关于印发2008年农村公路工作若干意见的通知

交公路发〔2008〕144号


　　各省、自治区、直辖市、新疆生产建设兵团交通厅（局、委），天津市市政公路管理局，上海市市政工程管理局：

　　为贯彻落实2008年中央1号文件和全国农村公路工作电视电话会议精神，进一步加强农村公路建设，推进农村公路管理与养护改革，大力发展农村公路交通，现将部制定的《2008年农村公路工作若干意见》印发你们，请遵照执行。

　　二○○八年三月二十七日

　　2008年农村公路工作若干意见

　　为贯彻落实2008年中央1号文件和全国农村公路工作电视电话会议精神，稳步推进农村公路建设，大力发展农村公共交通，更好地服务于社会主义新农村建设，现就做好2008年农村公路工作提出以下意见：

　　一、总体要求

　　（一）认真贯彻党的十七大精神，深入落实科学发展观，按照统筹城乡发展、区域发展和经济社会发展的要求，量力而行，突出重点，全面提升农村公路建设质量，健全路站养运发展机制，推进城乡客运协调发展，努力实现农村公路交通又好又快发展目标。

　　（二）落实加强农业基础建设的新要求，稳步推进农村公路建设；落实促进城乡经济社会一体化发展的新要求，大力发展农村公共交通；落实改善民生、加强公共服务的新要求，服务农民群众安全便捷出行；落实建设创新型交通行业的新要求，着力推进理念、科技、体制机制和政策创新，努力解决制约农村公路发展的突出矛盾和问题，推动新时期农村公路稳中求进、好字优先、科学发展。

　　（三）认真落实部《关于加强农村公路建设廉政工作的意见》，坚持预防与惩处相结合，完善制度，加强监督，做好农村公路建设中的廉政工作。

　　二、加大投入，推进农村公路稳步发展

　　（一）按照今年中央1号文件要求，继续加大对农村公路的投入力度。各地交通主管部门要积极向当地政府汇报，争取更多的资金用于农村公路建设，使今年农村公路建设投资比去年有大幅度增长。

　　（二）调整投资结构，转变农村公路发展方式。要实现农村公路发展由速度型向质量型转变，正确处理好规模和结构、速度和质量、公平和效率的关系，调整和优化投资结构，突出建设重点，优先解决没有通公路地区的通达问题。部今年将在边疆地区、少数民族地区和贫困地区选择若干地州市进行试点，加大支持力度，加快特殊困难地区农村公路的发展。

　　（三）在资金使用上，鼓励各地实行“以奖代补”政策，充分调动各方积极性，提高资金使用效率。

　　三、加强组织领导，开展好农村公路建设质量年活动

　　（一）各省级交通主管部门要按照部制定的质量年活动总体方案的要求，制定本省份质量年活动实施方案，分解质量目标，落实质量责任，组织、指导省级以下交通主管部门及有关单位开展好质量年活动，确保今年质量目标的实现。

　　（二）各地交通主管部门要加强农村公路建设质量管理，建立和完善适合本地区实际的质量管理模式，健全质量管理的规章制度，完善质量与安全管理网络，加强质量监督，组织农村公路质量督查，分析本地区质量状况，每半年通报一次质量抽查情况。

　　四、以人为本，提升农村公路交通安全水平

　　（一）加强安全设施建设。农村公路新改建项目应按有关要求设置安全设施，并与主体工程同步设计、同步施工、同步验收。

　　（二）加强施工安全监管。各地要结合今年的“隐患治理年”活动，落实责任，抓住关键，针对当地施工安全的薄弱环节，组织专项督查，重点加强对山区农村公路路基高边坡和隧道开挖、满堂支架的石拱桥、梁桥施工的安全管理。

　　（三）加强危桥改造。今年要启动农村公路危桥改造工程，要用三年左右时间，逐步消灭县道中桥以上、乡道大桥以上的危桥。

　　公路安保工程实施经验，安排必要资金，抓好试点，逐步推开。有条件的省份，要加大投资力度，加快实施步伐。

　　（五）加强渡改桥、渡口改造工程建设。各地要针对渡改桥、渡口改造工程建设特点，理顺管理体制，完善管理制度，加强质量管理，解决项目进展慢、投入不均衡等突出问题。

　　五、深化改革，加强农村公路管理养护

　　（一）推动农村公路管理养护体制改革向纵深发展。各地要认真落实省级政府出台的实施方案，做到责任落实、机构落实和资金落实；要加强规章制度建设，健全管理养护体系，建立协调、监管、考核机制。要按照部制定的《农村公路养护管理暂行办法》和《农村公路养护技术指南》的要求，抓紧制定适合本地实际的管理办法和技术规范。

　　（二）加强农村公路保护工作。各地要加强农村公路路政管理，加大对农村公路上超限超载车辆的治理力度，按照全国治超办的统一部署，在加强执法监管的同时，通过设置限高、限宽等设施，防止超重车辆行驶农村公路，保护好农村公路建设成果，提高农村公路服务水平。

　　六、发展客运，提高农村公路交通服务水平

　　（一）加强农村客运站点建设。农村客运站点要与农村公路同步规划、同步设计、同步建设、同步验收。要加强对农村客运站建设的管理，解决目前存在的征地难、成本高、管理不规范的问题。客运站建设标准要以满足需求为原则，合理确定，不要求一乡一站或都建等级站。

　　（二）加大对农村客运的政策扶持力度。要根据农村客运的公益性特点，按照“多予、少取、放活”的原则，积极争取地方政府财政补贴和优惠政策，使农村客运开得通，留得住，有效益。要采取有效措施，加强引导，改善服务，创造良好的政策环境和市场环境。

　　（三）加快完善农村客运网络。要根据农村公路通达、通畅情况，及时开通农村客运班线，科学调整、改造和延伸现有客运线路，适当增加班次密度，努力提高客运班车在农村地区的覆盖面。

　　（四）创新农村客运组织方式。要学习借鉴城市公交运输组织模式，在乡镇、村庄比较集中的地区，实施农村客运公交化改造，增加停靠站点，滚动发车，定线循环，促进农村客运网络和城市公交网络的合理衔接和有效融合，最大程度地减少中转次数，最大限度地方便群众出行。

　　（五）规范农村客运市场。要加强农村客运市场监管，严把客运市场准入关，维护运输市场秩序，优化农村客运运力结构，让农民群众坐上安全车、放心车。

　　七、完善措施，确保鲜活农产品“绿色通道”畅通

　　（一）落实政策，促进农产品流通。各地要进一步加强领导，加大监督力度，认真落实“绿色通道”通行费减免政策，特别是落实对省内外合法整车装载的鲜活农产品运输车辆无差别减免通行费政策，进一步完善“绿色通道”网络和标识，提高鲜活农产品运输车辆的通行能力和通行效率。

　　（二）加大源头监管力度。要从装载环节入手，确保鲜活农产品运输车辆按规定装车、配载和运输，严厉查处冒充鲜活农产品车辆和超限超载等扰乱运输市场秩序的不法行为。各省级交通主管部门要定期组织检查，对政策落实不到位的，要责令整改，并进行通报，为鲜活农产品快速进入市场提供强有力的运输保障。

　　（三）加强宣传，营造“绿色通道”运行的良好氛围。要进一步加大对鲜活农产品运输“绿色通道”相关政策、装载要求等方面的宣传，让更多的鲜活农产品运得出来，让更多的农民群众享受“绿色通道”政策带来的实惠。

　　（四）继续落实从事田间作业的拖拉机免征养路费和农机跨区作业免费通行的政策，促进农业发展、农产品流通和农民增收。

　　八、加强行业管理，促进农村公路可持续发展

　　（一）加强统筹协调，促进农村公路全面发展。要统筹城乡交通发展，统一规划，完善路网结构，发挥整体效益；统筹考虑农村公路路面、桥梁、安保设施、渡口改造工程的实施，全面提升农村公路建设质量和安全水平。要协调好农村公路建设速度、质量与效益的关系，实现又好又快发展；协调好建设、养护、运输的关系，推动路站运一体化。

　　（二）加强管理，提升行业管理水平。要针对农村公路交通的特点，落实环境友好、资源节约、以人为本的建设理念，研究加强行业管理的新政策、新措施。推广适合农村公路特点的新技术、新材料、新工艺，加快科技成果的转化。加强对基层人员的技术指导和培训。强化地方政府对农村公路交通的管理职能。加强对农村公路建设资金使用情况的监管与审计。

　　（三）加强宣传，树立行业形象。要继续加大对农村公路和农村客运网络建设的宣传力度，组织农村公路专题宣传，开展质量年宣传月活动，注重网络媒体作用，发挥行业媒体专业优势，进一步丰富报道形式、深化报道内容、扩大宣传效果。

　　稳步推进农村公路建设，大力发展农村公路交通是一项长期而艰巨的任务。各地交通主管部门要认真贯彻中央1号文件精神，从加强行政能力建设入手，落实新要求，采取新举措，求真务实，开拓进取，全面完成2008年农村公路各项工作，为推进社会主义新农村建设和全面建设小康社会做出应有的贡献。
The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress


LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON THE CONTROL OF THE EXIT
AND ENTRY OF CITIZENS

(Adopted at the 13th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the
Sixth National People's Congress, promulgated by Order No. 32 of the
President of the People's Republic of China on November 22, 1985, and
effective as of February 1, 1986)

Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Exit from the Country
Chapter III Entry into the Country
Chapter IV Administrative Organs
Chapter V Penalties
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions

Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
This Law is formulated with a view to safeguarding the legitimate rights
and interests of Chinese citizens with respect to their exit from and
entry into China's territory and to promoting international exchange.
Article 2
Chinese citizens may leave or enter the country with valid passports or
other valid certificates issued by the competent departments of the State
Council or other departments authorized by them. They shall not be
required to apply for visas.
Article 3
For exit and entry, Chinese citizens shall pass through open ports or
other designated ports and shall be subject to inspection by the frontier
inspection offices.
Article 4
After leaving the country, Chinese citizens may not commit any act harmful
to the security, honour or interests of their country.

Chapter II Exit from the Country
Article 5
Chinese citizens who desire to leave the country for private purposes
shall apply to the public security organs of the city or county in which
their residence is registered. Approval shall be granted except in cases
prescribed in Article 8 of this Law. The public security organs shall
decide, within a specified time, whether to approve or disapprove the
citizens' applications for leaving the country for private purposes, and
shall notify the applicants accordingly.
Article 6
In the case of Chinese citizens leaving the country on official business,
the units sending them abroad shall apply to the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs or the local foreign affairs department authorized by the ministry
for the citizens' exit certificates and acquire the certificates for them.
Article 7
In the case of seamen leaving the country to perform their duties, the
Bureau of Harbour Superintendence or a harbour superintendent authorized
by the bureau shall acquire the exit certificates for them.
Article 8
Approval to exit from the country shall not be granted to persons
belonging to any of the following categories:
(1) defendants in criminal cases or criminal suspects confirmed by a
public security organ, a people's procuratorate or a people's court;
(2) persons who, as notified by a people's court, shall be denied exit
owing to involvement in unresolved civil cases;
(3) convicted persons serving their sentences;
(4) persons undergoing rehabilitation through labour; and
(5) persons whose exit from the country will, in the opinion of the
competent department of the State Council, be harmful to state security or
cause a major loss to national interests.
Article 9
The frontier inspection offices shall have the power to stop persons
belonging to any of the following categories from leaving the country and
to deal with them according to law:
(1) holders of invalid exit certificates;
(2) holders of exit certificates other than their own; and
(3) holders of forged or altered exit certificates.

Chapter III Entry into the Country
Article 10
Chinese citizens residing abroad who desire to return to China for
permanent residence shall complete the relevant procedures at the Chinese
diplomatic missions, consular offices or other agencies located abroad
that are authorized by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, or at the public
security organs of the relevant provinces, autonomous regions, or
municipalities directly under the Central Government.
Article 11
After their entry into China, Chinese citizens who have come for permanent
residence or employment shall register for prolonged residence in
accordance with the provisions for the administration of residence. Those
who have entered for a temporary stay shall register for temporary
residence in accordance with the same provisions.

Chapter IV Administrative Organs
Article 12
Passports for Chinese citizens going abroad on official business shall be
issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or by the local foreign affairs
departments authorized by the ministry. Seamen's papers shall be issued by
the Bureau of Harbour Superintendence or a harbour superintendent
authorized by the bureau. Passports for Chinese citizens going abroad for
private purposes shall be issued by the Ministry of Public Security or by
local public security organs authorized by the ministry.
Passports and certificates which Chinese citizens apply for abroad shall
be issued by the Chinese diplomatic missions, consular offices or other
agencies located abroad authorized by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Article 13
The Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the
Bureau of Harbour Superintendence and other agencies that issue passports
and certificates shall have the power to cancel passports and certificates
issued by them or by their authorized agencies, or to declare such
passports and certificates invalid.

Chapter V Penalties
Article 14
Any person who, in violation of the provisions of this Law, leaves or
enters the country illegally, forges or alters an exit or entry
certificate, uses another person's certificate as his own or transfers his
certificate may be given a warning or placed in detention for not more
than ten days by a public security organ. If the circumstances of the case
are serious enough to constitute a crime, criminal responsibility shall be
investigated in accordance with the Law.
Article 15
If a citizen subject to the penalty of detention by a public security
organ refuses to accept the penalty, he may, within 15 days of receiving
notification, appeal to the public security organ at the next higher
level, which shall make the final decision; he may also directly file suit
in the local people's court.
Article 16
Where a state functionary charged with implementing this Law takes
advantage of his position and power to extort and accept bribes, he shall
be punished according to the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of
China and the Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's
Congress Regarding the Severe Punishment of Criminals Who Seriously
Undermine the Economy. If he has committed any other act involving
violation of the Law and dereliction of duty which is serious enough to
constitute a crime, his criminal responsibility shall be investigated
according to the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law of the People's
Republic of China.

Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
Article 17
Control measures governing Chinese citizens' travels to and from the Hong
Kong or the Macao region shall be separately formulated by the relevant
departments of the State Council.
Article 18
Transistory exit from and entry into China by Chinese citizens residing in
areas bordering on a neighbouring country shall be handled according to
any relevant agreements between the two countries or, in the absence of
such agreements, according to the relevant provisions of the Chinese
Government.
The exit and entry of crews of transnational trains, crews of civil
aviation planes operating international flights and the railway
functionaries working in China's border areas shall be handled according
to relevant agreements and provisions.
Article 19
The Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the
Ministry of Communications shall, pursuant to this Law, formulate rules
for its implementation, which shall go into effect after being submitted
to and approved by the State Council.
Article 20
This Law shall go into effect as of February 1, 1986.




Important Notice:
This English document is coming from "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.